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首页 > 学堂 > 使用教程 > 天翼云GPU云主机手动部署DeepSeek教程

天翼云GPU云主机手动部署DeepSeek教程

目前，DeepSeek火爆全球，各行业争相合作。DeepSeek功能强大，个人和企业都可以自行部署DeepSeek。本文就以天翼云平台为例，为大家介绍一下详细教程，帮助用户在天翼云GPU云主机上成功运行DeepSeekR1 7B模型，仅供参考。

一、创建天翼云GPU云主机

不同版本的模型参数量不同，参数量越多，资源消耗越多。不同规模的企业、客户有不同诉求，客户可根据自己的实际需求，选择所需镜像和模型版本。参数较少的DeepSeek模型可以在CPU上正常运行、如1.5B、7B模型，更大的模型需要GPU才能获得良好的体验。

模型 推荐显卡数
T4 V100 V100S A10 A100
DeepSeek-R1-1.5B 1卡16G（1*16G） 1卡32G（1*32G） 1卡32G（1*32G） 1卡24G（1*24G） 1卡40G（1*40G）
DeepSeek-R1-7B 2卡32G（2*16G） 1卡32G（1*32G） 1卡32G（1*32G） 1卡24G（1*24G） 1卡40G（1*40G）
DeepSeek-R1-8B 2卡32G（2*16G） 1卡32G（1*32G） 1卡32G（1*32G） 1卡24G（1*24G） 1卡40G（1*40G）
DeepSeek-R1-14B 4卡64G（4*16G） 2卡64G（2*32G） 2卡64G（2*32G） 2卡48G（2*24G） 2卡80G（2*40G）
DeepSeek-R1-32B - 4卡128G（4*32G） 4卡128G（4*32G） 4卡96G（4*24G） 4卡160G（4*40G）
DeepSeek-R1-70B - - - - 4卡160G（4*40G）

本文选用的是天翼云NVIDIA GPU云主机，分为图形加速基础型（G5、G5s、G6、G7）和计算加速型（P2V、P2Vs、PI2、PI7、P8A），用户可以按需选购。

1、进入天翼云官网，注册并登录账号。

2、进入控制中心，单击“产品服务列>弹性云主机”，进入主机列表页。

天翼云

天翼云

3、单击“创建云主机”，进入弹性云主机创建页。

天翼云

4、根据业务需求配置“计费模式”、“地域”、“企业项目”、“虚拟私有云”、“实例名称”、“主机名称”等。

5、选择规格。

此处选择"CPU架构"为"X86"、"分类"为"GPU型"、"规格族"为"GPU计算加速型pi7"、"规格"为"pi7.4xlarge.4"。

天翼云

6、选择镜像。

“镜像类型”选择“镜像市场”，在云镜像市场中选择预置了DeepSeek R1模型的DeepSeek-R1-7B-Ubuntu22.04镜像。

天翼云

7、设置云盘类型和大小。

天翼云

8、设置网络，包括"网卡"、"安全组"，同时配备"弹性IP"用于下载和访问模型；设置高级配置，包括"登录方式"、"云主机组"、"用户数据"。

9、确认并支付。

天翼云

二、手动部署DeepSeek

DeepSeek是一个基于Transformer架构的大型语言模型（LLM），由深度求索公司开发。它能够处理自然语言理解、生成、翻译、问答等多种任务。在目前大模型主流榜单中，DeepSeek-V3在开源模型中位列榜首，与世界上最先进的闭源模型不分伯仲。

1、安装ollama

a.下载安装脚本

使用非天翼云DeepSeek镜像时，需要手动安装ollama，这里以amd64为例，将如下脚本保存到本地，命名为install_ollama.sh。

#!/bin/sh
# This script installs Ollama on Linux.
# It detects the current operating system architecture and installs the appropriate version of Ollama.

set -eu

red="$( (/usr/bin/tput bold || :; /usr/bin/tput setaf 1 || :) 2>&-)"
plain="$( (/usr/bin/tput sgr0 || :) 2>&-)"

status() { echo ">>> $*" >&2; }
error() { echo "${red}ERROR:${plain} $*"; exit 1; }
warning() { echo "${red}WARNING:${plain} $*"; }

TEMP_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
cleanup() { rm -rf $TEMP_DIR; }
trap cleanup EXIT

available() { command -v $1 >/dev/null; }
require() {
    local MISSING=''
    for TOOL in $*; do
        if ! available $TOOL; then
            MISSING="$MISSING $TOOL"
        fi
    done

    echo $MISSING
}

[ "$(uname -s)" = "Linux" ] || error 'This script is intended to run on Linux only.'

ARCH=$(uname -m)
case "$ARCH" in
    x86_64) ARCH="amd64" ;;
    aarch64|arm64) ARCH="arm64" ;;
    *) error "Unsupported architecture: $ARCH" ;;
esac

IS_WSL2=false

KERN=$(uname -r)
case "$KERN" in
    *icrosoft*WSL2 | *icrosoft*wsl2) IS_WSL2=true;;
    *icrosoft) error "Microsoft WSL1 is not currently supported. Please use WSL2 with 'wsl --set-version  2'" ;;
    *) ;;
esac

VER_PARAM="${OLLAMA_VERSION:+?version=$OLLAMA_VERSION}"

SUDO=
if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
    # Running as root, no need for sudo
    if ! available sudo; then
        error "This script requires superuser permissions. Please re-run as root."
    fi

    SUDO="sudo"
fi

NEEDS=$(require curl awk grep sed tee xargs)
if [ -n "$NEEDS" ]; then
    status "ERROR: The following tools are required but missing:"
    for NEED in $NEEDS; do
        echo "  - $NEED"
    done
    exit 1
fi

for BINDIR in /usr/local/bin /usr/bin /bin; do
    echo $PATH | grep -q $BINDIR && break || continue
done
OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR=$(dirname ${BINDIR})

if [ -d "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/lib/ollama" ] ; then
    status "Cleaning up old version at $OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/lib/ollama"
    $SUDO rm -rf "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/lib/ollama"
fi
status "Installing ollama to $OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
$SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 -d $BINDIR
$SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 -d "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
status "Downloading Linux ${ARCH} bundle"
curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar \
    "https://mirrors.ctyun.cn/ollama/v0.5.7/ollama-linux-${ARCH}.tgz${VER_PARAM}" | \
    $SUDO tar -xzf - -C "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
if [ "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/bin/ollama" != "$BINDIR/ollama" ] ; then
    status "Making ollama accessible in the PATH in $BINDIR"
    $SUDO ln -sf "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/ollama" "$BINDIR/ollama"
fi

# Check for NVIDIA JetPack systems with additional downloads
if [ -f /etc/nv_tegra_release ] ; then
    if grep R36 /etc/nv_tegra_release > /dev/null ; then
        status "Downloading JetPack 6 components"
        curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar \
            "https://mirrors.ctyun.cn/ollama/v0.5.7/ollama-linux-${ARCH}-jetpack6.tgz${VER_PARAM}" | \
            $SUDO tar -xzf - -C "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
    elif grep R35 /etc/nv_tegra_release > /dev/null ; then
        status "Downloading JetPack 5 components"
        curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar \
            "https://mirrors.ctyun.cn/ollama/v0.5.7/ollama-linux-${ARCH}-jetpack5.tgz${VER_PARAM}" | \
            $SUDO tar -xzf - -C "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
    else
        warning "Unsupported JetPack version detected.  GPU may not be supported"
    fi
fi

install_success() {
    status 'The Ollama API is now available at 127.0.0.1:11434.'
    status 'Install complete. Run "ollama" from the command line.'
}
trap install_success EXIT

# Everything from this point onwards is optional.

configure_systemd() {
    if ! id ollama >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        status "Creating ollama user..."
        $SUDO useradd -r -s /bin/false -U -m -d /usr/share/ollama ollama
    fi
    if getent group render >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        status "Adding ollama user to render group..."
        $SUDO usermod -a -G render ollama
    fi
    if getent group video >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        status "Adding ollama user to video group..."
        $SUDO usermod -a -G video ollama
    fi

    status "Adding current user to ollama group..."
    $SUDO usermod -a -G ollama $(whoami)

    status "Creating ollama systemd service..."
    cat </dev/null
[Unit]
Description=Ollama Service
After=network-online.target

[Service]
ExecStart=$BINDIR/ollama serve
User=ollama
Group=ollama
Restart=always
RestartSec=3
Environment="PATH=$PATH"

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target
EOF
    SYSTEMCTL_RUNNING="$(systemctl is-system-running || true)"
    case $SYSTEMCTL_RUNNING in
        running|degraded)
            status "Enabling and starting ollama service..."
            $SUDO systemctl daemon-reload
            $SUDO systemctl enable ollama

            start_service() { $SUDO systemctl restart ollama; }
            trap start_service EXIT
            ;;
        *)
            warning "systemd is not running"
            if [ "$IS_WSL2" = true ]; then
                warning "see https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/systemd#how-to-enable-systemd to enable it"
            fi
            ;;
    esac
}

if available systemctl; then
    configure_systemd
fi

# WSL2 only supports GPUs via nvidia passthrough
# so check for nvidia-smi to determine if GPU is available
if [ "$IS_WSL2" = true ]; then
    if available nvidia-smi && [ -n "$(nvidia-smi | grep -o "CUDA Version: [0-9]*\.[0-9]*")" ]; then
        status "Nvidia GPU detected."
    fi
    install_success
    exit 0
fi

# Don't attempt to install drivers on Jetson systems
if [ -f /etc/nv_tegra_release ] ; then
    status "NVIDIA JetPack ready."
    install_success
    exit 0
fi

# Install GPU dependencies on Linux
if ! available lspci && ! available lshw; then
    warning "Unable to detect NVIDIA/AMD GPU. Install lspci or lshw to automatically detect and install GPU dependencies."
    exit 0
fi

check_gpu() {
    # Look for devices based on vendor ID for NVIDIA and AMD
    case $1 in
        lspci)
            case $2 in
                nvidia) available lspci && lspci -d '10de:' | grep -q 'NVIDIA' || return 1 ;;
                amdgpu) available lspci && lspci -d '1002:' | grep -q 'AMD' || return 1 ;;
            esac ;;
        lshw)
            case $2 in
                nvidia) available lshw && $SUDO lshw -c display -numeric -disable network | grep -q 'vendor: .* \[10DE\]' || return 1 ;;
                amdgpu) available lshw && $SUDO lshw -c display -numeric -disable network | grep -q 'vendor: .* \[1002\]' || return 1 ;;
            esac ;;
        nvidia-smi) available nvidia-smi || return 1 ;;
    esac
}

if check_gpu nvidia-smi; then
    status "NVIDIA GPU installed."
    exit 0
fi

if ! check_gpu lspci nvidia && ! check_gpu lshw nvidia && ! check_gpu lspci amdgpu && ! check_gpu lshw amdgpu; then
    install_success
    warning "No NVIDIA/AMD GPU detected. Ollama will run in CPU-only mode."
    exit 0
fi

if check_gpu lspci amdgpu || check_gpu lshw amdgpu; then
    status "Downloading Linux ROCm ${ARCH} bundle"
    curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar \
        "https://mirrors.ctyun.cn/ollama/v0.5.7/ollama-linux-${ARCH}-rocm.tgz${VER_PARAM}" | \
        $SUDO tar -xzf - -C "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"

    install_success
    status "AMD GPU ready."
    exit 0
fi

CUDA_REPO_ERR_MSG="NVIDIA GPU detected, but your OS and Architecture are not supported by NVIDIA.  Please install the CUDA driver manually https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/"
# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#rhel-7-centos-7
# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#rhel-8-rocky-8
# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#rhel-9-rocky-9
# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#fedora
install_cuda_driver_yum() {
    status 'Installing NVIDIA repository...'

    case $PACKAGE_MANAGER in
        yum)
            $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install yum-utils
            if curl -I --silent --fail --location "https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-$1$2.repo" >/dev/null ; then
                $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER-config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-$1$2.repo
            else
                error $CUDA_REPO_ERR_MSG
            fi
            ;;
        dnf)
            if curl -I --silent --fail --location "https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-$1$2.repo" >/dev/null ; then
                $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-$1$2.repo
            else
                error $CUDA_REPO_ERR_MSG
            fi
            ;;
    esac

    case $1 in
        rhel)
            status 'Installing EPEL repository...'
            # EPEL is required for third-party dependencies such as dkms and libvdpau
            $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-$2.noarch.rpm || true
            ;;
    esac

    status 'Installing CUDA driver...'

    if [ "$1" = 'centos' ] || [ "$1$2" = 'rhel7' ]; then
        $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install nvidia-driver-latest-dkms
    fi

    $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install cuda-drivers
}

# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#ubuntu
# ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#debian
install_cuda_driver_apt() {
    status 'Installing NVIDIA repository...'
    if curl -I --silent --fail --location "https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-keyring_1.1-1_all.deb" >/dev/null ; then
        curl -fsSL -o $TEMP_DIR/cuda-keyring.deb https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-keyring_1.1-1_all.deb
    else
        error $CUDA_REPO_ERR_MSG
    fi

    case $1 in
        debian)
            status 'Enabling contrib sources...'
            $SUDO sed 's/main/contrib/' < /etc/apt/sources.list | $SUDO tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/contrib.list > /dev/null
            if [ -f "/etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources" ]; then
                $SUDO sed 's/main/contrib/' < /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources | $SUDO tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/contrib.sources > /dev/null
            fi
            ;;
    esac

    status 'Installing CUDA driver...'
    $SUDO dpkg -i $TEMP_DIR/cuda-keyring.deb
    $SUDO apt-get update

    [ -n "$SUDO" ] && SUDO_E="$SUDO -E" || SUDO_E=
    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive $SUDO_E apt-get -y install cuda-drivers -q
}

if [ ! -f "/etc/os-release" ]; then
    error "Unknown distribution. Skipping CUDA installation."
fi

. /etc/os-release

OS_NAME=$ID
OS_VERSION=$VERSION_ID

PACKAGE_MANAGER=
for PACKAGE_MANAGER in dnf yum apt-get; do
    if available $PACKAGE_MANAGER; then
        break
    fi
done

if [ -z "$PACKAGE_MANAGER" ]; then
    error "Unknown package manager. Skipping CUDA installation."
fi

if ! check_gpu nvidia-smi || [ -z "$(nvidia-smi | grep -o "CUDA Version: [0-9]*\.[0-9]*")" ]; then
    case $OS_NAME in
        centos|rhel) install_cuda_driver_yum 'rhel' $(echo $OS_VERSION | cut -d '.' -f 1) ;;
        rocky) install_cuda_driver_yum 'rhel' $(echo $OS_VERSION | cut -c1) ;;
        fedora) [ $OS_VERSION -lt '39' ] && install_cuda_driver_yum $OS_NAME $OS_VERSION || install_cuda_driver_yum $OS_NAME '39';;
        amzn) install_cuda_driver_yum 'fedora' '37' ;;
        debian) install_cuda_driver_apt $OS_NAME $OS_VERSION ;;
        ubuntu) install_cuda_driver_apt $OS_NAME $(echo $OS_VERSION | sed 's/\.//') ;;
        *) exit ;;
    esac
fi

if ! lsmod | grep -q nvidia || ! lsmod | grep -q nvidia_uvm; then
    KERNEL_RELEASE="$(uname -r)"
    case $OS_NAME in
        rocky) $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install kernel-devel kernel-headers ;;
        centos|rhel|amzn) $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install kernel-devel-$KERNEL_RELEASE kernel-headers-$KERNEL_RELEASE ;;
        fedora) $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install kernel-devel-$KERNEL_RELEASE ;;
        debian|ubuntu) $SUDO apt-get -y install linux-headers-$KERNEL_RELEASE ;;
        *) exit ;;
    esac

    NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION=$($SUDO dkms status | awk -F: '/added/ { print $1 }')
    if [ -n "$NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION" ]; then
        $SUDO dkms install $NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION
    fi

    if lsmod | grep -q nouveau; then
        status 'Reboot to complete NVIDIA CUDA driver install.'
        exit 0
    fi

    $SUDO modprobe nvidia
    $SUDO modprobe nvidia_uvm
fi

# make sure the NVIDIA modules are loaded on boot with nvidia-persistenced
if available nvidia-persistenced; then
    $SUDO touch /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia.conf
    MODULES="nvidia nvidia-uvm"
    for MODULE in $MODULES; do
        if ! grep -qxF "$MODULE" /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia.conf; then
            echo "$MODULE" | $SUDO tee -a /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia.conf > /dev/null
        fi
    done
fi

status "NVIDIA GPU ready."
install_success

b.执行安装

bash install_ollama.sh

如下显示则为安装成功。

手动部署DeepSeek

c.测试ollama服务安装情况

ollama ps

手动部署DeepSeek

2、下载模型

天翼云镜像站也为常见镜像提供了加速能力，包括1.5B7B14B70B671B等相关模型，可以通过如下手段体验其他模型，以14B模型为例：

mkdir deepseek-r1-14b
cd deepseek-r1-14b
wget https://mirrors.ctyun.cn/ollama/models/deepseek-r1-14b/deepseek-r1-14b.gguf
wget https://mirrors.ctyun.cn/ollama/models/deepseek-r1-14b/ModelFile
ollama create deepseek-r1:14b -f ModelFile

手动部署DeepSeek

如果用户想体验其他模型，也可以直接通过ollama下载。

ollama pull deepseek-r1:14b

3、使用ollama运行模型

ollama run deepseek-r1:14b

4、通过web界面进行交互

a.安装open-webui

docker pull ghcr.io/open-webui/open-webui:main

b.启动容器

docker run -d --net=host -e PORT=3000 -e 
OLLAMA_BASE_URL=http://127.0.0.1:11434 -e
ENABLE_SIGNUP=true -e ENABLE_OPENAI_API=False -v open-webui:/app/backend/data --name
open-webui --restart always ghcr.io/open-webui/open-webui:main

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